Which family structure specifically refers to families formed through social and legal means rather than biology?

The concept of adoptive families highlights how these family structures are established through social and legal frameworks rather than biological connections. In an adoptive family, one or more individuals (the adoptive parents) legally take on the responsibilities and rights of parenthood for a child who is not their biological offspring. This process often involves legal procedures, such as court trials and consent from biological parents, to ensure that the adoption is recognized formally.

This structure contrasts with other family types like foster families, which are temporary placements for children under the care of adults who are not their biological parents, primarily relying on a government system and often lacking permanent legal status. Communal families involve shared living arrangements and resources among a group, typically emphasizing community rather than legal bonds. Blended families arise from remarriage or partnerships where at least one partner has children from previous relationships, intertwining biological and step-relationships. Each of these structures emphasizes different aspects of family formation, but adoptive families specifically center around legal recognition and social acceptance without a biological connection, making this the correct choice for the question.